Technical Directory

Tech Insights & Engineering Articles

Explore technical articles, software architecture deep dives, clean code tutorials, and computer science explorations from my journey.

Product Types: Why Types Behave Like Multiplication

Product Types: Why Types Behave Like Multiplication

There’s a point in programming where types stop feeling like simple containers and start behaving like algebra.

Arun Pandian M
May 23, 2026
6 min read
Algebra of Types — When Data Structures Start Behaving Like Math

Algebra of Types — When Data Structures Start Behaving Like Math

There is a point in programming where types stop feeling like containers and start feeling like equations.

Arun Pandian M
May 14, 2026
3 min read
Asymmetry — Why Products and Coproducts Feel So Different

Asymmetry — Why Products and Coproducts Feel So Different

Category theory often promises symmetry. But real systems remind us: **direction changes everything**.

Arun Pandian M
Apr 4, 2026
7 min read
Coproducts — Modeling “Either This or That” in Code

Coproducts — Modeling “Either This or That” in Code

Most bugs don’t come from what your program does. They come from what your program **assumes cannot happen**.

Arun Pandian M
Apr 3, 2026
4 min read
Products — When Two Independent Things Become One Structure

Products — When Two Independent Things Become One Structure

In programming, we combine values all the time.

Arun Pandian M
Mar 23, 2026
4 min read
Isomorphism — When Two Different Models Are Actually the Same

Isomorphism — When Two Different Models Are Actually the Same

Sometimes the hardest bugs come from believing two structures are different when they actually contain the same informat…

Arun Pandian M
Mar 14, 2026
4 min read
Duality — Flipping the Arrows Changes Everything

Duality — Flipping the Arrows Changes Everything

When we studied initial objects and terminal objects, something subtle appeared.

Arun Pandian M
Mar 11, 2026
4 min read
Terminal Object — The Place Where All Arrows End

Terminal Object — The Place Where All Arrows End

In the previous post we saw **initial objects** — objects that can send arrows **to everything else**. Now we reverse th…

Arun Pandian M
Mar 11, 2026
3 min read
The Initial Object — Finding the True Beginning

The Initial Object — Finding the True Beginning

“Every complex system that works evolved from a simple system that worked.” — John Gall

Arun Pandian M
Mar 9, 2026
6 min read