Technical Directory

Tech Insights & Engineering Articles

Explore technical articles, software architecture deep dives, clean code tutorials, and computer science explorations from my journey.

Distance Between Vectors — How AI Understands Closeness

Distance Between Vectors — How AI Understands Closeness

When we say two things are **similar**, what do we really mean?

Arun Pandian M
Feb 23, 2026
3 min read
Vector Length (Norm) — How Strong Is a Signal?

Vector Length (Norm) — How Strong Is a Signal?

In the previous post, we learned that the dot product measures alignment. Two vectors pointing in the same direction pr…

Arun Pandian M
Feb 23, 2026
3 min read
When Composition Breaks: Why We Need Kleisli Category

When Composition Breaks: Why We Need Kleisli Category

In the previous posts, we built something beautiful.

Arun Pandian M
Feb 22, 2026
4 min read
The Quiet Power of Hashing-How Systems Detect Change Without Seeing It

The Quiet Power of Hashing-How Systems Detect Change Without Seeing It

The first time I truly understood hashing, it wasn’t because of cryptography. It was because something changed — and no…

Arun Pandian M
Feb 21, 2026
3 min read
Expand Around Center — A Symmetry Discovery Pattern

Expand Around Center — A Symmetry Discovery Pattern

When a structure is symmetric, the fastest way to verify it is not from the edges — it’s from the balance point. Inste…

Arun Pandian M
Feb 21, 2026
5 min read
The Dot Product — The Smallest Idea Behind Modern AI

The Dot Product — The Smallest Idea Behind Modern AI

People often imagine AI as layers, networks, attention mechanisms, and billions of parameters.But deep inside all that c…

Arun Pandian M
Feb 17, 2026
3 min read
When Code Stops Mutating and Starts Composing - Understanding Monoids Through Real Kotlin Problems

When Code Stops Mutating and Starts Composing - Understanding Monoids Through Real Kotlin Problems

Most bugs don’t come from complicated algorithms.

Arun Pandian M
Feb 16, 2026
4 min read
Monoid as a Category — When “Combining” Becomes “Moving”

Monoid as a Category — When “Combining” Becomes “Moving”

Most developers first learn a monoid like this:

Arun Pandian M
Feb 15, 2026
3 min read
Monoids — The Rules Behind Safe Combination

Monoids — The Rules Behind Safe Combination

Most bugs don’t come from computing a value.

Arun Pandian M
Feb 14, 2026
3 min read